EXERGY ANALYSIS AND IGCC PLANT TECHNOLOGY TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY AND TO REDUCE THE EMISSION IN THERMAL POWER PLANT- A REVIEW

Adithya Rao, Anish S, Chirag Raj, Vijaykumar. G. Tile

Abstract: Thermal power plants convert energy rich fuel into electricity and heat. Possible fuels include coal, natural gas, petroleum products, agricultural waste and domestic trash or waste. Other sources of fuel include landfill gas and biogases. In some plants, renewal fuels such as biogas are co-fired with coal. Coal and lignite accounted for about 57% of Indias installed capacity. Indias electricity sector consumes about 80% of the coal produced in the country. India expects that its projected rapid growth in electricity generation over the next couple of decades is expected to be largely met by thermal power plants. But the present thermal power plants which are in India will not be able to meet the future demands and also it is been observed by our internship in one of the thermal power plant in Karnataka. This paper presents a review of the methodology to evaluate the performance of the coal based power plants using exergy as the main criterion and the objectives of this paper is to overview the technology development of Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plant included the advantages and disadvantages of IGCC power plant. Our interest is to explore and implement the recent research in these fields in India and to empower the country by increased production rate of electricity mean while the concern should be taken on impacts of pollutants on the environment and globe. Here both exergy analysis and IGCC plant technology are discussed separately in two sections, which will give brief review about both. Most of the power plants are designed by the energetic performance criteria based not only on the first law of thermodynamics , but the real useful energy loss cannot be justified by the fist law of thermodynamics, because it does not differentiate between the quality and quantity of energy. The present study deals with the comparison of energy and exergy analysis of thermal power plants stimulated by coal and Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) is emerging as a best available technology to utilize low quality or contaminated energy resources, coal or oil. It can meet emission limits not achievable by other conventional or advanced competing technologies. In particular IGCC offers refiners the possibility of reducing to zero the production of residual fuel oil, an increasingly undesired product, while at the same time, co-producing electricity, hydrogen and steam. It also drastically cuts SO2 emissions.

Keywords: Thermal Power Plant, Exergy, Energy utilization, Irreversibility, CPP, IGCC, CCS

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2014.0315095